Environment

  Economic developments  

Today's consumption economy is based on a growth-economy model. Year on year, more products and services are introduced. The starting point for the model is an inexhaustible supply of raw materials that can be replaced very easily.

  Ecological developments  

It appears that the quantities of fuel and raw materials are limited, that stocks will be exhausted within the foreseeable future and that the pollution of the environment will take increasingly dramatic forms.

In addition, there are strong indications that the climate is changing as a result of human influence. A substantial reduction in the emissions of greenhouse gases is needed to sufficiently mitigate the rate of climate change. But while the world's total volume of CO₂ emissions has to fall substantially, a significant increase is expected as a result of increasing prosperity and population expansion.

  Technological developments  

Hydrogen and electricity are energy carriers. Wind and the sun can be used as energy sources. The likelihood that we have backed “winners” with wind turbines or solar cells is small however. Even the Shell oil company is not or is hardly investing in alternative sources such as wind, solar and hydrogen energy. “The benefits simply do not outweigh the costs.” The oil company will concentrate on the alternative field of BioFuels and the storage of carbon dioxide gas CO₂.

The development of 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-Generation BioFuels opens new, promising perspectives for making a contribution to solving the said problems:

1. “Bioenergy can convert solar energy into liquid fuel”;
2. “Bioenergy can reduce greenhouse gas emissions";
3. “Bioenergy can remediate ecological disasters”;
4. “Bioenergy can revive depressed economies”;
5. “Bioenergy can expand energy freedom of choice”.

It is only the use of bioenergy that is suitable for the Carbon-Negative energy concept. All other renewables (wind, sun, etc.) are at best CO₂-Neutral, but in practice they are CO₂-Positive. Conversely, 4th-Generation BioFuels are CO₂-Negative and remove historically accumulated CO₂ from the atmosphere.

“They are tools to clean up our dirty past.”